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<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Lanthanhydroxid</span></h1>
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<div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content mw-content-ltr" lang="de" dir="ltr"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="de" dir="ltr"><table class="wikitable infobox float-right" id="Vorlage_Infobox_Chemikalie" style="font-size:90%; margin-top:0; width:350px;" summary="Infobox Chemikalie">
<tbody><tr>
<th colspan="2" style="background:#FFDEAD; color:#202122;">Kristallstruktur
</th></tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" class="hintergrundfarbe-basis" style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"></span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align:center; font-size:80%;"><span style="background:#C0C0C0;border-radius: 12px;color: transparent; width: 12px; line-height:12px;display:inline-block;">_</span> <a href="Lanthan" title="Lanthan">La</a><sup>3+</sup> <span style="visibility:hidden;">0</span> <span style="background:#FF0000;border-radius: 12px;color: transparent; width: 12px; line-height:12px;display:inline-block;">_</span> <a href="Hydroxide" title="Hydroxide">OH</a><sup>−</sup>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<th colspan="2" style="background:#FFDEAD; color:#202122;">Allgemeines
</th></tr>
<tr>
<td style="width:33%;">Name
</td>
<td>Lanthanhydroxid
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Andere Namen
</td>
<td>
<p>Lanthan(III)-hydroxid
</p>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="Verh%C3%A4ltnisformel" title="Verhältnisformel">Verhältnisformel</a>
</td>
<td>La(OH)<sub>3</sub>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Kurzbeschreibung
</td>
<td>
<p>farbloses Pulver<sup id="cite_ref-Sigma_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sigma-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<th colspan="2" style="background:#FFDEAD; color:#202122;">Externe Identifikatoren/Datenbanken
</th></tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" style="padding:0;">
<table class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed wikitable" data-expandtext="+" data-collapsetext="−" style="border-top:none; margin:-1px; width:calc(100% + 2px);">
<tbody><tr>
<td style="width:33%;"><a href="CAS-Nummer" title="CAS-Nummer">CAS-Nummer</a>
</td>
<td><span title="Untervorlage eingebunden: CASRN"></span><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://commonchemistry.cas.org/detail?cas_rn=14507-19-8">14507-19-8</a><span class="editoronly" style="display:none;"></span>
</td>
<td style="background:#FFDEAD; color:#202122; border-top:1px solid #FFDEAD; padding:0.2em 0; vertical-align:bottom; width:5%;">
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="EG-Nummer" title="EG-Nummer">EG-Nummer</a>
</td>
<td colspan="2">238-510-2
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="Europ%C3%A4ische_Chemikalienagentur" title="Europäische Chemikalienagentur">ECHA</a>-InfoCard
</td>
<td colspan="2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.echa.europa.eu/de/substance-information/-/substanceinfo/100.034.994">100.034.994</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="PubChem" title="PubChem">PubChem</a>
</td>
<td colspan="2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/5061201">5061201</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-right:1px solid #a2a9b1;"><a href="Wikidata" title="Wikidata">Wikidata</a>
</td>
<td colspan="2"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1805590" class="extiw external" title="d:Q1805590">Q1805590</a>
</td></tr></tbody></table>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<th colspan="2" style="background:#FFDEAD; color:#202122;">Eigenschaften
</th></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="Molare_Masse" title="Molare Masse">Molare Masse</a>
</td>
<td>189,93 g·<a href="Mol" title="Mol">mol</a><sup>−1</sup>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="Aggregatzustand" title="Aggregatzustand">Aggregatzustand</a>
</td>
<td>
<p>fest
</p>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="L%C3%B6slichkeit" title="Löslichkeit">Löslichkeit</a>
</td>
<td>
<p>nahezu unlöslich in Wasser<sup id="cite_ref-Shkolnikov2009_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Shkolnikov2009-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<th colspan="2" style="background:#FFDEAD; color:#202122;">Sicherheitshinweise
</th></tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2">
<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" style="width:100%;">
<tbody><tr>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"><b><a href="Global_harmonisiertes_System_zur_Einstufung_und_Kennzeichnung_von_Chemikalien" title="Global harmonisiertes System zur Einstufung und Kennzeichnung von Chemikalien">GHS-Gefahrstoffkennzeichnung</a></b><sup id="cite_ref-Sigma_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sigma-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
<table class="hintergrundfarbe-neutral" style="text-align:center; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto; display:flex; justify-content:center;">
<tbody><tr>
<td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="Global_harmonisiertes_System_zur_Einstufung_und_Kennzeichnung_von_Chemikalien#Übersicht:_EU-Gefahrensymbole,_UN/GHS-Gefahrenpiktogramme,_UN/ADR-Gefahrensymbole" title="05 – Ätzend"></a></span>
</td></tr></tbody></table>
<p><b>Gefahr</b>
</p>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="2" width="33%" style="border-top:1px #A7A7A7 dashed; border-right:1px #A7A7A7 dashed;"><a href="H-_und_P-S%C3%A4tze" title="H- und P-Sätze">H- und P-Sätze</a>
</td>
<td style="border-top:1px #A7A7A7 dashed;">H: <span title="Untervorlage eingebunden: H-Sätze"></span><a href="H-_und_P-S%C3%A4tze#H-Sätze" title="H- und P-Sätze"><span style="display:inline-block;"><span style="color:#ff5400; border-bottom:1px dotted #ff5400;" title="Verursacht schwere Verätzungen der Haut und schwere Augenschäden.">314</span></span></a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top:1px #A7A7A7 dashed;">P: <span title="Untervorlage eingebunden: P-Sätze"></span><a href="H-_und_P-S%C3%A4tze#P-Sätze" title="H- und P-Sätze"><span style="display:inline-block;"><span style="color:#ff5400; border-bottom:1px dotted #ff5400;" title="Schutzhandschuhe/Schutzkleidung/Augenschutz/Gesichtsschutz/Gehörschutz/… tragen.
(Geänderter Text seit Inkraftreten der „12. Anpassung an den Technischen Fortschritt“ am 17. Oktober 2020)">280</span></span></a>‐<a href="H-_und_P-S%C3%A4tze#P-Sätze" title="H- und P-Sätze"><span style="display:inline-block;"><span style="color:#ff5400; border-bottom:1px dotted #ff5400;" title="Bei Kontakt mit den Augen: Einige Minuten lang behutsam mit Wasser spülen. Eventuell vorhandene Kontaktlinsen nach Möglichkeit entfernen. Weiter spülen.
(Geänderter Text seit Inkraftreten der „8. Anpassung an den Technischen Fortschritt“ am 1. Februar 2018)">305+351+338</span></span></a>‐<a href="H-_und_P-S%C3%A4tze#P-Sätze" title="H- und P-Sätze"><span style="display:inline-block;"><span style="color:#ff5400; border-bottom:1px dotted #ff5400;" title="Sofort Giftinformationszentrum, Arzt oder … anrufen.">310</span></span></a><sup id="cite_ref-Sigma_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sigma-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" style="background:#FFDEAD; color:#202122; font-size:80%; text-align:center; line-height:150%; padding:.25em;">Wenn nicht anders vermerkt, gelten die angegebenen Daten bei <a href="Standardbedingungen" title="Standardbedingungen">Standardbedingungen</a> (0 °C, 1000 hPa).
</td></tr></tbody></table><p><span class="editoronly" style="display:none;"></span>
</p><p><b>Lanthanhydroxid</b> ist das <a href="Hydroxide" title="Hydroxide">Hydroxid</a> des <a href="Metalle_der_Seltenen_Erden" title="Metalle der Seltenen Erden">Seltenerdmetalls</a> <a href="Lanthan" title="Lanthan">Lanthan</a>.
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Darstellung">Darstellung</h2></div>
<p>Lanthanhydroxid kann durch Zugabe von <a href="Alkalien" title="Alkalien">Alkalien</a>, wie z. B. <a href="Ammoniak" title="Ammoniak">Ammoniak</a>, zu wässrigen Lösungen von Lanthansalzen, wie beispielsweise <a href="Lanthannitrat" title="Lanthannitrat">Lanthannitrat</a>, hergestellt werden. Dabei entsteht ein gelartiges <a href="F%C3%A4llung" title="Fällung">Präzipitat</a>, das in Luft getrocknet werden kann.<sup id="cite_ref-Shkolnikov2009_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Shkolnikov2009-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p>
<dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \mathrm {La(NO_{3})_{3}\ +\ 3\ NH_{4}OH\ \longrightarrow \ La(OH)_{3}\ +\ 3\ NH_{4}NO_{3}} }">
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<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \mathrm {La(NO_{3})_{3}\ +\ 3\ NH_{4}OH\ \longrightarrow \ La(OH)_{3}\ +\ 3\ NH_{4}NO_{3}} }</annotation>
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</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/bb7257ebfcd81502fdfec2d0a498167c1e382bd0.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:54.099ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \mathrm {La(NO_{3})_{3}\ +\ 3\ NH_{4}OH\ \longrightarrow \ La(OH)_{3}\ +\ 3\ NH_{4}NO_{3}} }" loading="lazy"></span></dd></dl>
<p>Ebenfalls möglich ist die Herstellung aus <a href="Lanthanoxid" title="Lanthanoxid">Lanthanoxid</a> durch dessen Zugabe zu Wasser.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p>
<dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \mathrm {La_{2}O_{3}\ +\ 3\ H_{2}O\ \longrightarrow \ 2\ La(OH)_{3}} }">
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<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \mathrm {La_{2}O_{3}\ +\ 3\ H_{2}O\ \longrightarrow \ 2\ La(OH)_{3}} }</annotation>
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</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/214348c59a34c61ffb0e17c53ccaea203e377d48.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:33.912ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \mathrm {La_{2}O_{3}\ +\ 3\ H_{2}O\ \longrightarrow \ 2\ La(OH)_{3}} }" loading="lazy"></span></dd></dl>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Eigenschaften">Eigenschaften</h2></div>
<p>Lanthanhydroxid reagiert kaum mit Alkalien, löst sich aber leicht in <a href="S%C3%A4uren" title="Säuren">Säuren</a> auf.<sup id="cite_ref-Shkolnikov2009_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Shkolnikov2009-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Bei Temperaturen über 330 °C zerfällt es unter Wasserabgabe zu Lanthanhydroxidoxid LaOOH, um bei noch höheren Temperaturen zu Lanthanoxid zu zerfallen.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p>
<dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \mathrm {La(OH)_{3}\ {\xrightarrow[{-H_{2}O}]{330^{o}C}}\ LaOOH} }">
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<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \mathrm {La(OH)_{3}\ {\xrightarrow[{-H_{2}O}]{330^{o}C}}\ LaOOH} }</annotation>
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<dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \mathrm {2\ LaOOH\ {\xrightarrow[{-H_{2}O}]{\Delta }}\ La_{2}O_{3}} }">
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<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \mathrm {2\ LaOOH\ {\xrightarrow[{-H_{2}O}]{\Delta }}\ La_{2}O_{3}} }</annotation>
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</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/fcf068415d4e63b6e97eeae2941dfdf7d8b69b9d.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.132ex; margin-top: -0.441ex; margin-bottom: -0.54ex; width:23.356ex; height:6.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \mathrm {2\ LaOOH\ {\xrightarrow[{-H_{2}O}]{\Delta }}\ La_{2}O_{3}} }" loading="lazy"></span></dd></dl>
<p>Lanthanhydroxid kristallisiert <a href="Hexagonales_Kristallsystem" title="Hexagonales Kristallsystem">hexagonal</a>, <a href="Raumgruppe" title="Raumgruppe">Raumgruppe</a> <i>P</i>6<sub>3</sub>/<i>m</i> (Raumgruppen-Nr. 176)<span style="display:none;">Vorlage:Raumgruppe/176</span><span class="editoronly" style="display:none;"></span> mit den <a href="Gitterparameter" title="Gitterparameter">Gitterparametern</a> <i>a</i> = 6,547 <a href="%C3%85ngstr%C3%B6m_(Einheit)" title="Ångström (Einheit)">Å</a> und <i>c</i> = 3,854 Å.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In der Kristallstruktur ist jedes Lanthanion von neun Hydroxidionen in Gestalt eines dreifach überkappten trigonalen Prismas umgeben.
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Weblinks">Weblinks</h2></div>
<ul><li>Yi Dong Yin, Guang Yan Hong: <i>Synthesis and Characterization of La(OH)<sub>3</sub> Nanorods by Hydrothermal Microemulsion Method</i>, in: <i><a href="Chinese_Chemical_Letters" title="Chinese Chemical Letters">Chinese Chemical Letters</a></i>, <b>2005</b>, <i>16</i> (12), S. 1659–1662; <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r261891140">
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</style><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110124185227/http://www.imm.ac.cn/journal/ccl/1612/161228-1659-b050179-p4.pdf">PDF</a> (<span class="webarchiv-memento"><a href="Webarchivierung#Begrifflichkeiten" title="Webarchivierung">Memento</a></span> vom 24. Januar 2011 im <i><a href="Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive">Internet Archive</a></i>).</li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Einzelnachweise">Einzelnachweise</h2></div>
<ol class="references">
<li id="cite_note-Sigma-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Sigma_1-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Sigma_1-1">b</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Sigma_1-2">c</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">Datenblatt <span style="font-style:italic;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/catalog/product/ALDRICH/447226">Lanthanum(III) hydroxide</a></span> bei <a href="Sigma-Aldrich" title="Sigma-Aldrich">Sigma-Aldrich</a>, abgerufen am 21. Mai 2011 (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/DE/de/sds/ALDRICH/447226?userType=anonymous">PDF</a>).<span class="editoronly" style="display:none;"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-Shkolnikov2009-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Shkolnikov2009_2-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Shkolnikov2009_2-1">b</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Shkolnikov2009_2-2">c</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">E.V. Shkolnikov: <i>Thermodynamic Characterization of the Amphoterism of Hydroxides and Oxides of Scandium Subgroup Elements in Aqueous Media</i>, in: <i><a href="Russian_Journal_of_Applied_Chemistry" title="Russian Journal of Applied Chemistry">Russian Journal of Applied Chemistry</a></i>, <b>2009</b>, <i>82</i> (2), S. 2098–2104.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Jiawen Ding, Yanli Wu, Weili Sun, Yongxiu Li: <i>Preparation of La(OH)<sub>3</sub> and La<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> with Rod Morphology by Simple Hydration of La<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub></i>, in: <i><a href="Journal_of_Rare_Earths" title="Journal of Rare Earths">Journal of Rare Earths</a></i>, <b>2006</b> August, <i>24</i> (4), S. 440–442; <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016/S1002-0721%2806%2960139-7">10.1016/S1002-0721(06)60139-7</a></span>.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Michael E. Brown, Patrick Kent Gallagher: <i>Handbook of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry</i>, S. 482; ISBN 978-0-44453123-0.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">G.W. Beall, W.O. Milligan, H.A. Wolcott: <i>Structural trends in the lanthanide trihydroxides.</i> In: <i><a href="Journal_of_Inorganic_and_Nuclear_Chemistry" class="mw-redirect" title="Journal of Inorganic and Nuclear Chemistry">Journal of Inorganic and Nuclear Chemistry</a></i>, 39, 1977, S. 65–70, <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-1902(77)80434-X" class="extiw external" title="doi:10.1016/0022-1902(77)80434-X">doi:10.1016/0022-1902(77)80434-X</a>.</span>
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